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c# 使用handle.exe解决程序更新文件被占用的问题

我公司最近升级程序经常报出更新失败问题,究其原因,原来是更新时,他们可能又打开了正在被更新的文件,导致更新文件时,文件被其它进程占用,无法正常更新而报错,为了解决这个问题,我花了一周时间查询多方资料及研究,终于找到了一个查询进程的利器:handle.exe,下载地址: https://technet.microsoft测试数据/en-us/sysinternals/bb896655.aspx ,我是通过它来找到被占用的进程,然后KILL掉占用进程,最后再来更新,这样就完美的解决了更新时文件被占用报错的问题了,实现方法很简单,我下面都有列出主要的方法,一些注意事项我也都有说明,大家一看就明白了,当然如果大家有更好的方案,欢迎交流,谢谢!

IsFileUsing:

判断文件是否被占用

[DllImport("kernel32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr _lopen(string lpPathName, int iReadWrite);   [DllImport("kernel32.dll")] public static extern bool CloseHandle(IntPtr hObject);   public const int OF_READWRITE = 2; public const int OF_SHARE_DENY_NONE = 0x40; public readonly IntPtr HFILE_ERROR = new IntPtr(-1); private bool <strong>IsFileUsing</strong>(string filePath) {     if (!File.Exists(filePath))     {         return false;     }     IntPtr vHandle = _lopen(filePath, OF_READWRITE | OF_SHARE_DENY_NONE);     if (vHandle == HFILE_ERROR)     {         return true;     }     CloseHandle(vHandle);     return false; }

GetRunProcessInfos:

获取指定文件或目录中存在的(关联的)运行进程信息,以便后面可以解除占用

/// <summary> /// 获取指定文件或目录中存在的(关联的)运行进程信息,以便后面可以解除占用 /// </summary> /// <param name="filePath"></param> /// <returns></returns> private Dictionary<int, string> GetRunProcessInfos(string filePath) {       Dictionary<int, string> runProcInfos = new Dictionary<int, string>();     string fileName = Path.GetFileName(filePath);     var fileRunProcs = Process.GetProcessesByName(fileName);     if (fileRunProcs != null && fileRunProcs.Count() > 0)     {         runProcInfos = fileRunProcs.ToDictionary(p => p.Id, p => p.ProcessName);         return runProcInfos;     }       string fileDirName = Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath); //查询指定路径下的运行的进程     Process startProcess = new Process();     startProcess.StartInfo.FileName = RelaseAndGetHandleExePath();     startProcess.StartInfo.Arguments = string.Format("\"{0}\"", fileDirName);     startProcess.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;     startProcess.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = false;     startProcess.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;     startProcess.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;     startProcess.StartInfo.StandardOutputEncoding = ASCIIEncoding.UTF8;     startProcess.OutputDataReceived += (sender, e) =>     {         if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(e.Data) && e.Data.IndexOf("pid:", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) > 0)         {             //var regex = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(@"(^[\w\.\?\u4E00-\u9FA5]+)\s+pid:\s*(\d+)", System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);             var regex = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(@"(^.+(?=pid:))\bpid:\s+(\d+)\s+", System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);             if (regex.IsMatch(e.Data))             {                 var mathedResult = regex.Match(e.Data);                   int procId = int.Parse(mathedResult.Groups[2].Value);                 string procFileName = mathedResult.Groups[1].Value.Trim();                   if ("explorer.exe".Equals(procFileName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))                 {                     return;                 }                   //var regex2 = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(string.Format(@"\b{0}.*$", fileDirName.Replace(@"\", @"\\").Replace("?",@"\?")), System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);                 var regex2 = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(@"\b\w{1}:.+$", System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);                 string procFilePath = (regex2.Match(e.Data).Value ?? "").Trim();                   if (filePath.Equals(procFilePath, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) || filePath.Equals(PathJoin(procFilePath, procFileName), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))                 {                     runProcInfos[procId] = procFileName;                 }                 else //如果乱码,则进行特殊的比对                 {                     if (procFilePath.Contains("?") || procFileName.Contains("?")) //?乱码比对逻辑                     {                         var regex3 = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(procFilePath.Replace(@"\", @"\\").Replace(".", @"\.").Replace("?", ".{1}"), System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);                         if (regex3.IsMatch(filePath))                         {                             runProcInfos[procId] = procFileName;                         }                         else                         {                             string tempProcFilePath = PathJoin(procFilePath, procFileName);                               regex3 = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(tempProcFilePath.Replace(@"\", @"\\").Replace(".", @"\.").Replace("?", ".{1}"), System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);                             if (regex3.IsMatch(filePath))                             {                                 runProcInfos[procId] = procFileName;                             }                         }                     }                     else if (procFilePath.Length == filePath.Length || PathJoin(procFilePath, procFileName).Length == filePath.Length) //其它乱码比对逻辑,仅比对长度,如果相同交由用户判断                     {                         if (MessageBox.Show(string.Format("发现文件:{0}可能被一个进程({1})占用,\n您是否需要强制终止该进程?", filePath, procFileName), "发现疑似被占用进程", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Warning) == DialogResult.Yes)                         {                             runProcInfos[procId] = procFileName;                         }                     }                 }             }         }     };       startProcess.Start();     startProcess.BeginOutputReadLine();     startProcess.WaitForExit();       return runProcInfos; }

上述代码逻辑简要说明:创建一个建程来启动handle.exe(以资源形式内嵌到项目中),然后异步接收返回数据,并通过正则表达式来匹配获取进程数据,由于handle.exe对于中文路径或文件名兼容不好,返回的数据存在?或其它乱码字符,故我作了一些特殊的模糊匹配逻辑;

RelaseAndGetHandleExePath:

从项目中释放handle.exe并保存到系统的APPData目录下,以便后续直接可以使用(注意:由于handle.exe需要授权同意后才能正常的使用该工具,故我在第一次生成handle.exe时,会直接运行进程,让用户选择Agree后再去进行后面的逻辑处理,这样虽能解决问题,但有点不太友好,目前一个是中文乱码、一个是必需同意才能使用handle.exe我认为如果微软解决了可能会更好)

private string RelaseAndGetHandleExePath() {     var handleInfo = new FileInfo(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.LocalApplicationData) + "\\SysUpdate\\handle.exe");     if (!File.Exists(handleInfo.FullName))     {         if (!Directory.Exists(handleInfo.DirectoryName))         {             Directory.CreateDirectory(handleInfo.DirectoryName);         }           byte[] handleExeData = Properties.Resources.handle;         File.WriteAllBytes(handleInfo.FullName, handleExeData);           var handleProc = Process.Start(handleInfo.FullName);//若第一次,则弹出提示框,需要点击agree同意才行         handleProc.WaitForExit();     }       return handleInfo.FullName; }

PathJoin:

拼接路径(不过滤特殊字符),由于handle.exe对于中文路径或文件名兼容不好,返回的数据存在?或其它乱码字符,如查采用:Path.Combine方法则会报错,故这里自定义一个方法,只是简单的拼接

/// <summary> /// 拼接路径(不过滤殊字符) /// </summary> /// <param name="paths"></param> /// <returns></returns> private string PathJoin(params string[] paths) {     if (paths == null || paths.Length <= 0)     {         return string.Empty;     }       string newPath = paths[0];       for (int i = 1; i < paths.Length; i++)     {         if (!newPath.EndsWith("\\"))         {             newPath += "\\";         }           if (paths[i].StartsWith("\\"))         {             paths[i] = paths[i].Substring(1);         }           newPath += paths[i];     }       return newPath; }

CloseProcessWithFile:

核心方法,关闭指定文件被占用的进程,上述所有的方法均是为了实现该方法的功能

private void CloseProcessWithFile(string filePath) {     if (!IsFileUsing(filePath)) return;       ShowDownInfo(string.Format("正在尝试解除占用文件 {0}", _FilePaths[_FileIndex]));       var runProcInfos = GetRunProcessInfos(filePath); //获取被占用的进程         System.IO.File.WriteAllText(Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath, "runProcInfos.txt"), string.Join("\r\n", runProcInfos.Select(p => string.Format("ProdId:{0},ProcName:{1}", p.Key, p.Value)).ToArray()));//DEBUG用,正式发布时可以去掉       var localProcesses = Process.GetProcesses();     bool hasKilled = false;     foreach (var item in runProcInfos)     {         if (item.Key != currentProcessId) //排除当前进程         {             var runProcess = localProcesses.SingleOrDefault(p => p.Id == item.Key);             //var runProcess = Process.GetProcessById(item.Key);             if (runProcess != null)             {                 try                 {                     runProcess.Kill(); //强制关闭被占用的进程                     hasKilled = true;                 }                 catch                 { }             }         }     }       if (hasKilled)     {         Thread.Sleep(500);     } }

上述代码逻辑简要说明:先判断是否被占用,若被占用,则获取该文件被占用的进程列表,然后获取一下当前操作系统的所有进程列表,最后通过进程ID查询得到排除当前程序自己的进程ID(currentProcessId = Process.GetCurrentProcess().Id)列表,若能获取得到,表明进程仍在运行,则强制终止该进程,实现解除文件占用

注意:KILL掉占用进程后,可能由于缓存原因,若直接进行文件的覆盖与替换或转移操作,可能仍会报错,故这里作了一个判断,若有成功KILL掉进程,则需等待500MS再去做更新文件之类的操作;

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