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SpringMVC @ResponseBody 415错误处理方式

闲话少说,刚开始用SpringMVC, 页面要使用jquery的ajax请求Controller。 但总是失败,

主要表现为以下两个异常为:

异常一:java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter

异常二:SpringMVC @ResponseBody 415错误处理

网上分析原因很多,但找了很久都没解决,基本是以下几类:

springmvc添加配置、注解; pom.xml添加jackson包引用; Ajax请求时没有设置Content-Type为application/json 发送的请求内容不要转成JSON对象,直接发送JSON字符串即可

这些其实都没错!!!

以下是我分析的解决步骤方法

1、springMVC配置文件开启注解

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<!-- 开启注解-->

  < mvc:annotation-driven />

2、添加springMVC需要添加如下配置

(这个要注意spring版本,3.x和4.x配置不同)

spring3.x是org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter

spring4.x是org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter

具体可以查看spring-web的jar确认,哪个存在用哪个!

spring3.x配置:

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< bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" >

     < property name = "messageConverters" >

         < list >

             < ref bean = "jsonHttpMessageConverter" />

         </ list >

     </ property >

</ bean >

 

< bean id = "jsonHttpMessageConverter" class = "org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" >

     < property name = "supportedMediaTypes" >

         < list >

             < value >application/json;charset=UTF-8</ value >

         </ list >

     </ property >

</ bean >

spring4.x配置:

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< bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" >

     < property name = "messageConverters" >

         < list >

             < ref bean = "jsonHttpMessageConverter" />

         </ list >

     </ property >

</ bean >

 

< bean id = "jsonHttpMessageConverter" class = "org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter" >

     < property name = "supportedMediaTypes" >

         < list >

             < value >application/json;charset=UTF-8</ value >

         </ list >

     </ property >

</ bean >

3、pom.xml添加jackson依赖

(这个要 注意spring版本,3.x和4.x配置不同 )

如果是spring 3.x,pom.xml添加如下配置

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< dependency >

      < groupId >org.codehaus.jackson</ groupId >

      < artifactId >jackson-core-lgpl</ artifactId >

      < version >1.8.1</ version >

   </ dependency >

 

 

  < dependency >

      < groupId >org.codehaus.jackson</ groupId >

      < artifactId >jackson-mapper-lgpl</ artifactId >

      < version >1.8.1</ version >

  </ dependency ></ span >

spring4.x, pom.xml添加如下配置

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< dependency >

     < groupId >com.fasterxml.jackson.core</ groupId >

     < artifactId >jackson-core</ artifactId >

     < version >2.5.2</ version >

</ dependency >

 

< dependency >

     < groupId >com.fasterxml.jackson.core</ groupId >

     < artifactId >jackson-databind</ artifactId >

     < version >2.5.2</ version >

</ dependency >

这里要说明一下,spring3.x用的是org.codehaus.jackson的1.x版本,在maven资源库,已经不在维护,统一迁移到com.fasterxml.jackson,版本对应为2.x

4、ajax请求要求

dataType 为 json contentType 为 'application/json;charse=UTF-8' data 转JSON字符串

我的代码:如下: (注意:这里只是针对POST +JSON字符串形式请求,后面我会详细讲解不同形式请求,的处理方法和案例)

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     var data = {

    userAccount: lock_username,

    userPasswd:hex_md5(lock_password).toUpperCase()

}

 

$.ajax({

        url : ctx + "/unlock.do" ,

        type : "POST" ,

        data : JSON.stringify(data),

            dataType: 'json' ,

                contentType: 'application/json;charset=UTF-8' ,   

        success : function (result) {

            console.log(result);

        }

});

5、Controller 接收响应JSON

以上配置OK,Controller中使用JSON方式有多种。这里简单介绍几种。

这个关键在于ajax请求是将数据以什么形式传递到后台,这里我总结了三种形式

POST + JSON字符串形式 POST + JSON对象形式 GET + 参数字符串

方式一: POST + JSON字符串形式,如下:

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//请求数据,登录账号 +密码

      var data = {

              userAccount: lock_username,

              userPasswd:hex_md5(lock_password).toUpperCase()

      }

     

      $.ajax({

             url : ctx + "/unlock.do" ,

             type : "POST" ,

             data : JSON.stringify(data), //转JSON字符串

             dataType: 'json' ,

             contentType: 'application/json;charset=UTF-8' , //contentType很重要  

             success : function (result) {

                 console.log(result);

             }

      });

方式二: POST + JSON对象形式,如下:

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     //请求数据,登录账号 +密码

var data = {

             userAccount: lock_username,

             userPasswd:hex_md5(lock_password).toUpperCase()

     }

    

     $.ajax({

            url : ctx + "/unlock.do" ,

            type : "POST" ,

            data : data, //直接用JSON对象

            dataType: 'json' ,

            success : function (result) {

                console.log(result);

            }

     });

代码案例:

5-1: 使用@RequestBody来设置输入 ,@ResponseBody设置输出 (POST + JSON字符串形式)

JS请求:

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//请求数据,登录账号 +密码

var data = {

         userAccount: lock_username,

         userPasswd:hex_md5(lock_password).toUpperCase()

}

 

$.ajax({

        url : ctx + "/unlock.do" ,

        type : "POST" ,

        data : JSON.stringify(data), //转JSON字符串

        dataType: 'json' ,

        contentType: 'application/json;charset=UTF-8' , //contentType很重要  

        success : function (result) {

            console.log(result);

        }

});

Controller处理:

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     @RequestMapping (value = "/unlock" , method = RequestMethod.POST,consumes = "application/json" )

     @ResponseBody

     public Object unlock( @RequestBody User user) { 

         JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); 

        

         try {

             Assert.notNull(user.getUserAccount(), "解锁账号为空" );

             Assert.notNull(user.getUserPasswd(), "解锁密码为空" );

            

             User currentLoginUser = (User) MvcUtils.getSessionAttribute(Constants.LOGIN_USER);

             Assert.notNull(currentLoginUser, "登录用户已过期,请重新登录!" );

            

             Assert.isTrue(StringUtils.equals(user.getUserAccount(),currentLoginUser.getUserAccount()), "解锁账号错误" );

             Assert.isTrue(StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(user.getUserPasswd(),currentLoginUser.getUserPasswd()), "解锁密码错误" );

            

jsonObject.put( "message" , "解锁成功" ); 

jsonObject.put( "status" , "success" );

         } catch (Exception ex){

             jsonObject.put( "message" , ex.getMessage()); 

                 jsonObject.put( "status" , "error" );

         }

        return jsonObject; 

     }

浏览器控制台输出:

5-2: 使用HttpEntity来实现输入绑定,来ResponseEntit输出绑定(POST + JSON字符串形式)

JS请求:

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//请求数据,登录账号 +密码

var data = {

         userAccount: lock_username,

         userPasswd:hex_md5(lock_password).toUpperCase()

}

 

$.ajax({

        url : ctx + "/unlock.do" ,

        type : "POST" ,

        data : JSON.stringify(data), //转JSON字符串

        dataType: 'json' ,

        contentType: 'application/json;charset=UTF-8' , //contentType很重要  

        success : function (result) {

            console.log(result);

        }

});

Controller处理:

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@RequestMapping (value = "/unlock" , method = RequestMethod.POST,consumes = "application/json" )

public ResponseEntity<Object> unlock(HttpEntity<User> user) { 

     JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); 

    

     try {

         Assert.notNull(user.getBody().getUserAccount(), "解锁账号为空" );

         Assert.notNull(user.getBody().getUserPasswd(), "解锁密码为空" );

        

         User currentLoginUser = (User) MvcUtils.getSessionAttribute(Constants.LOGIN_USER);

         Assert.notNull(currentLoginUser, "登录用户已过期,请重新登录!" );

        

         Assert.isTrue(StringUtils.equals(user.getBody().getUserAccount(),currentLoginUser.getUserAccount()), "解锁账号错误" );

         Assert.isTrue(StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(user.getBody().getUserPasswd(),currentLoginUser.getUserPasswd()), "解锁密码错误" );

        

                jsonObject.put( "message" , "解锁成功" ); 

                jsonObject.put( "status" , "success" );

     } catch (Exception ex){

         jsonObject.put( "message" , ex.getMessage()); 

             jsonObject.put( "status" , "error" );

     }

     ResponseEntity<Object> responseResult = new ResponseEntity<Object>(jsonObject,HttpStatus.OK);

         return responseResult;

}

5-3: 使用request.getParameter获取请求参数,响应JSON ( POST + JSON对象形式 ) 和( GET + 参数字符串 ),Controller处理一样,区别在于是否加注解 method ,

如果不加适用GET + POST ; 如果 method= RequestMethod.POST,用于POST 请求; 如果method=RequestMethod.GET,用于GET请求;

POST+ JSON对象形式请求:

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var data = {

             userAccount: lock_username,

             userPasswd:hex_md5(lock_password).toUpperCase()

     }

    

     $.ajax({

            url : ctx + "/unlock.do" ,

            type : "POST" ,

            data : data,

            dataType: 'json' ,

            success : function (result) {

                console.log(result);

            }

     });

GET + 参数字符串请求:

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$.ajax({

        url : ctx + "/unlock.do" ,

        type : "GET" ,

        dataType: "text" ,

        data : "userAccount=" +lock_username+ "&userPasswd=" + hex_md5(lock_password).toUpperCase(), //等价于URL后面拼接参数

        success : function (result) {

            console.log(result);

        }

});

Controller处理:

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@RequestMapping (value = "/unlock" )

public void unlock(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)  throws IOException { 

     JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); 

    

     String userAccount = (String)request.getParameter( "userAccount" );

     String userPasswd = (String)request.getParameter( "userPasswd" );

     try {

         Assert.notNull(userAccount, "解锁账号为空" );

         Assert.notNull(userPasswd, "解锁密码为空" );

        

         User currentLoginUser = (User) MvcUtils.getSessionAttribute(Constants.LOGIN_USER);

         Assert.notNull(currentLoginUser, "登录用户已过期,请重新登录!" );

        

         Assert.isTrue(StringUtils.equals(userAccount,currentLoginUser.getUserAccount()), "解锁账号错误" );

         Assert.isTrue(StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(userPasswd,currentLoginUser.getUserPasswd()), "解锁密码错误" );

        

         jsonObject.put( "message" , "解锁成功" ); 

         jsonObject.put( "status" , "success" );

     } catch (Exception ex){

         jsonObject.put( "message" , ex.getMessage()); 

         jsonObject.put( "status" , "error" );

     }

    

     response.getWriter().print(jsonObject.toString()); 

}

5-4: 使用@ModelAttribute将参数封装对象, 响应JSON(POST + JSON对象形式) 和( GET + 参数字符串 ),Controller处理一样,区别在于是否加注解 method 。

如果不加适用GET + POST ; 如果 method= RequestMethod.POST,用于POST 请求; 如果method=RequestMethod.GET,用于GET请求;

POST+ JSON对象形式请求:

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var data = {

         userAccount: lock_username,

         userPasswd:hex_md5(lock_password).toUpperCase()

}

 

$.ajax({

        url : ctx + "/unlock.do" ,

        type : "POST" ,

        data : data,

        dataType: 'json' ,

        success : function (result) {

            console.log(result);

        }

});

GET + 参数字符串请求:

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$.ajax({

        url : ctx + "/unlock.do" ,

        type : "GET" ,

        dataType: "text" ,

        data : "userAccount=" +lock_username+ "&userPasswd=" + hex_md5(lock_password).toUpperCase(), //等价于URL后面拼接参数

        success : function (result) {

            console.log(result);

        }

});

Controller处理:(这个案例只支持POST)

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@RequestMapping (value = "/unlock" ,method = RequestMethod.POST)

public void unlock( @ModelAttribute ( "user" ) User user,PrintWriter printWriter)  throws IOException { 

     JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); 

    

     try {

         Assert.notNull(user.getUserAccount(), "解锁账号为空" );

         Assert.notNull(user.getUserPasswd(), "解锁密码为空" );

        

         User currentLoginUser = (User) MvcUtils.getSessionAttribute(Constants.LOGIN_USER);

         Assert.notNull(currentLoginUser, "登录用户已过期,请重新登录!" );

        

         Assert.isTrue(StringUtils.equals(user.getUserAccount(),currentLoginUser.getUserAccount()), "解锁账号错误" );

         Assert.isTrue(StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(user.getUserPasswd(),currentLoginUser.getUserPasswd()), "解锁密码错误" );

        

         jsonObject.put( "message" , "解锁成功" ); 

         jsonObject.put( "status" , "success" );

     } catch (Exception ex){

         jsonObject.put( "message" , ex.getMessage()); 

         jsonObject.put( "status" , "error" );

     }

     printWriter.print(jsonObject.toString());

}

以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持。

原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/yixiaoping/article/details/45281721

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