基于python3类的属性、方法、封装、继承详解

下面小编就为大家带来一篇基于python3 类的属性、方法、封装、继承实例讲解。小编觉得挺不错的，现在就分享给大家，也给大家做个参考。一起跟随小编过来看看吧

class ClassName:
<statement-1>
.
.
.
<statement-N> 

class Person:
  "Person类"
  def __init__(self, name, age, gender):
    print('进入Person的初始化')
    self.name = name
    self.age = age
    self.gender = gender
    print('离开Person的初始化')
  def getName(self):
    print(self.name)
p = Person('ice', 18, '男')
print(p.name) # ice
print(p.age) # 18
print(p.gender) # 男
print(hasattr(p, 'weight')) # False
# 为p添加weight属性
p.weight = '70kg'
print(hasattr(p, 'weight')) # True
print(getattr(p, 'name')) # ice
print(p.__dict__) # {'age': 18, 'gender': '男', 'name': 'ice'}
print(Person.__name__) # Person
print(Person.__doc__) # Person类
print(Person.__dict__) # {'__doc__': 'Person类', '__weakref__': <attribute '__weakref__' of 'Person' objects>, '__init__': <function Person.__init__ at 0x000000000284E950>, 'getName': <function Person.getName at 0x000000000284EA60>, '__dict__': <attribute '__dict__' of 'Person' objects>, '__module__': '__main__'}
print(Person.__mro__) # (<class '__main__.Person'>, <class 'object'>)
print(Person.__bases__) # (<class 'object'>,)
print(Person.__module__) # __main__ 

class Person:
  def __init__(self, name, age, gender):
    print('进入Person的初始化')
    self.name = name
    self.age = age
    self.gender = gender
    print('离开Person的初始化')
  def getName(self):
    print(self.name)
# Person实例对象
p = Person('ice', 18, '男')
print(p.name)
print(p.age)
print(p.gender)
p.getName()
# 进入Person的初始化
# 离开Person的初始化
# ice
# 18
# 男
# ice 

class Myclass:
  def foo(self):
    print(id(self),'foo')

a=Myclass()#既然是实例对象，那就要创建实例
a.foo()# 

输出类里的函数地址 print(id(a))# 输出类对象的地址 #结果地址一样

class Myclass:
@classmethod#类装饰器
  def foo2(cls):
    print(id(cls),'foo2')
  #类对象，直接可以调用，不需要实例化
print(id(Myclass),'yy')
Myclass.foo2()#直接可以调用 

class Myclass:
@staticmethod#静态方法
  def foo3():
    print('foo3')

Myclass.foo3()#没有参数
a.foo3()
#结果foo3 

class Demo:
  __id = 123456
  def getId(self):
    return self.__id
temp = Demo()
# print(temp.__id) # 报错 AttributeError: 'Demo' object has no attribute '__id'
print(temp.getId()) # 123456
print(temp._Demo__id) # 123456 

class Base:
  def __init__(self):
    self.data=[]
  def add(self,x):
    self.data.append(x)
  def addtwice(self,x):
    self.add(x)
    self.add(x)

# child extends base
class Child(Base):
  def plus(self,a,b):
    return a+b

oChild=Child()
oChild.add("str1")
oChild.add(999)
oChild.addtwice(4)
print(oChild.data)
print(oChild.plus(2,3)) 

class ClassName:
<statement-1>
.
.
.
<statement-N> 

class Person:
  "Person类"
  def __init__(self, name, age, gender):
    print('进入Person的初始化')
    self.name = name
    self.age = age
    self.gender = gender
    print('离开Person的初始化')
  def getName(self):
    print(self.name)
p = Person('ice', 18, '男')
print(p.name) # ice
print(p.age) # 18
print(p.gender) # 男
print(hasattr(p, 'weight')) # False
# 为p添加weight属性
p.weight = '70kg'
print(hasattr(p, 'weight')) # True
print(getattr(p, 'name')) # ice
print(p.__dict__) # {'age': 18, 'gender': '男', 'name': 'ice'}
print(Person.__name__) # Person
print(Person.__doc__) # Person类
print(Person.__dict__) # {'__doc__': 'Person类', '__weakref__': <attribute '__weakref__' of 'Person' objects>, '__init__': <function Person.__init__ at 0x000000000284E950>, 'getName': <function Person.getName at 0x000000000284EA60>, '__dict__': <attribute '__dict__' of 'Person' objects>, '__module__': '__main__'}
print(Person.__mro__) # (<class '__main__.Person'>, <class 'object'>)
print(Person.__bases__) # (<class 'object'>,)
print(Person.__module__) # __main__ 

class Person:
  def __init__(self, name, age, gender):
    print('进入Person的初始化')
    self.name = name
    self.age = age
    self.gender = gender
    print('离开Person的初始化')
  def getName(self):
    print(self.name)
# Person实例对象
p = Person('ice', 18, '男')
print(p.name)
print(p.age)
print(p.gender)
p.getName()
# 进入Person的初始化
# 离开Person的初始化
# ice
# 18
# 男
# ice 

class Demo:
  __id = 123456
  def getId(self):
    return self.__id
temp = Demo()
# print(temp.__id) # 报错 AttributeError: 'Demo' object has no attribute '__id'
print(temp.getId()) # 123456
print(temp._Demo__id) # 123456 

class Base:
def __init__(self):
self.data=[]
def add(self,x):
self.data.append(x)
def addtwice(self,x):
self.add(x)
self.add(x)

# child extends base
class Child(Base):
def plus(self,a,b):
return a+b

oChild=Child()
oChild.add("str1")
oChild.add(999)
oChild.addtwice(4)
print(oChild.data)
print(oChild.plus(2,3)) 

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