介绍
IDEA RESTful WebServices是一个类似jmeter，postman的工具。可以使用纯文本编辑。
官网介绍地址：https://www.jetbrains.com/help/idea/restful-webservices.html
该工具是idea的一个组件，在 Tools->Http client 下；当然goland也是相同；低版本是 Test Restful WebService ，新版本的idea已经提示改功能废弃，建议使用 new HTTP Client 也就是我们此教程要介绍的工具；
示例：
创建 demo1.http 文件
GET https://www.baidu.com
###
点击右侧运行即可查看到结果
HTTP请求中使用变量
要在请求中提供变量，请将其括在双花括号中，如 {{variable}} 。变量名称只能包含字母，数字，下 划线符号 _ 或连字符 - 。
预定义的动态变量
每次您运行请求时，动态变量都会生成一个值： $uuid ：生成通用的唯一标识符（UUID-v4） $timestamp ：生成当前的UNIX时间戳 $randomInt ：生成介于0到1000之间的随机整数。
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GET http://localhost/api/get?id={{$uuid}} |
创建环境变量
在项目内部，创建以下文件：
在rest-client.env.json（或http-client.env.json）是包含常见的变量，其目的是要与你的项目一起 分发的常规文件。 在rest-client.private.env.json（或http-client.private.env.json）是一个 私人 的文件可能包括密 码，令牌，证书和其他敏感信息。默认情况下，此文件被添加到VCS忽略文件列表中。在httpclient.private.env.json文件中指定的变量的值将覆盖环境文件中的值。
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{ "dev" : { "host" : "http://127.0.0.1:80" , "name" : "zhangsan" }, "prod" : { "host" : "http://127.0.0.1:80" , "name" : "lisi" } } |
调用示例
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GET http: //{{host}}/api/get?name={{name}} |
脚本设置环境变量
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// 设置环境变量 > {% client.global. set ( "token" , response.body.token); %} |
脚本检测
可以对返回值进行打印，断言；
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# 登陆 POST http: // {{host}} /system/login Content-Type: application /x-www-form-urlencoded
username=admin&password=123456
> {% client.log(JSON.stringify(response.body)); client. test ( "Request executed successfully" , function () { client.assert(response.status === 200, "Response status is not 200" ); }); client. test ( "Response content-type is json" , function () { var type = response.contentType.mimeType; client.assert( type === "application/json" , "Expected 'application/json' but received '" + type + "'" ); }); client. test ( "Request code success" , function () { client.assert(response.body.code === 0, "Response code is not 0" ); client.global. set ( "token" , response.body.data); }); %}
### |
类型介绍
clientclient.global
set(varName, varValue) // 设置全局变量 get(varName) // 获取全局变量 isEmpty // 检查 global 是否为空 clear(varName) // 删除变量 clearAll // 删除所有变量 client.test(testName, func) // 创建一个名称为 testName 的测试 client.assert(condition, message) // 校验条件 condition 是否成立，否则抛出异常 message client.log(text) // 打印日志 response response.body // 字符串 或 JSON (如果 content-type 为 application/json .) response.headers
valueOf(headerName) // 返回第一个匹配 headerName 的值，如果没有匹配的返回 null
valuesOf(headerName) // 返回所有匹配 headerName 的值的数组，如果没有匹配的返回空数组
mimeType // 返回 MIME 类型，如： text/plain , text/xml , application/json .
charset // 返回编码 UTF-8 等
示例test.http
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### # GET请求 GET http: //{{host}}/api/get?name={{name}}
###
# POST请求 POST http: //{{host}}/api/post/kv Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
name=zhangsan&age= 11 ###
# POST请求 POST http: //{{host}}/api/post/json Content-Type: application/json referer: https: //goframe.org/ cookie: name=zhangsan; age= 11
{ "name" : "zhangsan" , "age" : 11 } ### |
test2.http
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### # 未登录 POST http: //{{host}}/system/user/info
> {% client.log(JSON.stringify(response.body)); client.test( "Request executed successfully" , function() { client. assert (response.status === 404 , "Response status is not 200" ); }); client.test( "Response content-type is json" , function() { var type = response.contentType.mimeType; client. assert (type === "application/json" , "Expected 'application/json' but received '" + type + "'" ); }); client.test( "Request code fail" , function() { client. assert (response.body.code === - 1 , "Response code is not -1" ); }); %}
###
# 登陆 POST http: //{{host}}/system/login Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
username=admin&password= 123456 > {% client.log(JSON.stringify(response.body)); client.test( "Request executed successfully" , function() { client. assert (response.status === 200 , "Response status is not 200" ); }); client.test( "Response content-type is json" , function() { var type = response.contentType.mimeType; client. assert (type === "application/json" , "Expected 'application/json' but received '" + type + "'" ); }); client.test( "Request code success" , function() { client. assert (response.body.code === 0 , "Response code is not 0" ); client.global.set( "token" , response.body.data); }); %}
###
# 登陆后访问用户信息 POST http: //{{host}}/system/user/info token: {{token}}
> {% client.log(JSON.stringify(response.body)); client.test( "Request executed successfully" , function() { client. assert (response.status === 200 , "Response status is not 200" ); }); client.test( "Response content-type is json" , function() { var type = response.contentType.mimeType; client. assert (type === "application/json" , "Expected 'application/json' but received '" + type + "'" ); }); client.test( "Request code success" , function() { client. assert (response.body.code === 0 , "Response code is not 0" ); }); %} ###
# 登陆后访问用户年龄 POST http: //{{host}}/system/user/age token: {{token}}
> {% client.log(JSON.stringify(response.body)); client.test( "Request executed successfully" , function() { client. assert (response.status === 200 , "Response status is not 200" ); }); client.test( "Response content-type is json" , function() { var type = response.contentType.mimeType; client. assert (type === "application/json" , "Expected 'application/json' but received '" + type + "'" ); }); client.test( "Request code success" , function() { client. assert (response.body.code === 0 , "Response code is not 0" ); }); %} ### |
http-client.env.json
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{ "dev" : { "host" : "http://127.0.0.1:80" , "name" : "zhangsan" }, "prod" : { "host" : "http://127.0.0.1:80" , "name" : "lisi" } } |
main.go
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package main
import ( "github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g" "github.com/gogf/gf/net/ghttp" "github.com/gogf/gf/util/guuid" )
var token string
func main() { s := g.Server() group := s.Group( "/api" ) // 默认路径 // GET带参数 group.GET( "/get" , func(r *ghttp.Request) { r.Response.Writeln( "Hello World!" ) r.Response.Writeln( "name:" , r.GetString( "name" )) }) // POST KV group.POST( "/post/kv" , func(r *ghttp.Request) { r.Response.Writeln( "func:test" ) r.Response.Writeln( "name:" , r.GetString( "name" )) r.Response.Writeln( "age:" , r.GetInt( "age" )) }) // POST JSON group.POST( "/post/json" , func(r *ghttp.Request) { r.Response.Writeln( "func:test2" ) r.Response.Writeln( "name:" , r.GetString( "name" )) r.Response.Writeln( "age:" , r.GetString( "age" ))
h := r.Header r.Response.Writeln( "referer:" , h.Get( "referer" )) r.Response.Writeln( "cookie:" , h.Get( "cookie" )) r.Response.Writeln(r.Cookie.Map()) })
// 模拟登陆 system := s.Group( "/system" ) // 登陆接口 system.POST( "/login" , func(r *ghttp.Request) { if "admin" == r.GetString( "username" ) && "123456" == r.GetString( "password" ) { token = guuid.New().String() r.Response.WriteJson(g.Map{ "code" : 0 , "data" : token, }) r.Exit() } r.Response.WriteJson(g.Map{ "code" : - 1 , "data" : "" , }) }) // 获取用户信息 system.POST( "/user/info" , func(r *ghttp.Request) { if token != r.Header.Get( "token" ) || token == "" { r.Response.WriteJson(g.Map{ "code" : - 1 , "data" : "" , }) r.Exit() }
// 返回用户信息 r.Response.WriteJson(g.Map{ "code" : 0 , "data" : "zhangsan" , }) }) // 获取用户年龄 system.POST( "/user/age" , func(r *ghttp.Request) { if token != r.Header.Get( "token" ) || token == "" { r.Response.WriteJson(g.Map{ "code" : - 1 , "data" : "" , }) r.Exit() }
// 返回用户信息 r.Response.WriteJson(g.Map{ "code" : 0 , "data" : 11 , }) })
s.SetPort( 80 ) s.Run() } |
代码地址
github： https://github.com/goflyfox/tools
gitee： https://gitee.com/goflyfox/tools
教程视频
bilibili教程地址： https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV12V411f7ab/
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原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/flyoffox/blog/4968437
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