java实现可以自行关闭的服务器
普通实现的服务器都无法关闭自身,只有依靠操作系统来强行终止服务程序。这种强行终止服务程序的方式尽管简单方便,但会导致服务器中正在执行的任务突然中断。如果服务器处理的任务非常重要,不允许被突然中断,应该由服务器自身在恰当的时刻关闭自己
代码如下:
echoserver类
package shutdownserver;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.serversocket;
import java.net.socket;
import java.net.socketexception;
import java.net.sockettimeoutexception;
import java.util.concurrent.executorservice;
import java.util.concurrent.executors;
import java.util.concurrent.rejectedexecutionexception;
import java.util.concurrent.timeunit;
public class echoserver {
private int port=8000;
private serversocket serversocket;
private executorservice executorservice; //线程池
private final int pool_size=4; //单个cpu时线程池中工作线程的数目
private int portforshutdown=8001; //用于监听关闭服务器命令的端口
private serversocket serversocketshutdown;
private boolean isshutdown=false; //服务器是否已经关闭
private thread shutdownthread=new thread(){
//负责关闭服务器的线程
public void run(){
while(!isshutdown){
socket socketforshutdown=null;
try{
socketforshutdown=serversocketshutdown.accept();
bufferedreader br=new bufferedreader(
new inputstreamreader(socketforshutdown.getinputstream())
);
string command=br.readline();
if (command.equals("shutdown")){
long begintime=system.currenttimemillis();
socketforshutdown.getoutputstream().write("服务器正在关闭\r\n".getbytes());
isshutdown=true;
//请求关闭线程池
//线程池不再接收新的任务,但会继续执行完工作队列中现有的任务
executorservice.shutdown();
//等待关闭线程池,每次等待的超时时间为30s
//当使用awaittermination时,主线程会处于一种等待的状态,等待线程池中所有的线程都运行完毕后才继续运行。
//如果等待的时间超过指定的时间,但是线程池中的线程运行完毕,那么awaittermination()返回true。执行分线程已结束
//如果等待的时间超过指定的时间,但是线程池中的线程未运行完毕,那么awaittermination()返回false。不执行分线程已结束
//如果等待时间没有超过指定时间,等待!
//可以用awaittermination()方法来判断线程池中是否有继续运行的线程。
while(!executorservice.isterminated())
executorservice.awaittermination(30, timeunit.seconds);
//关闭与echoclient客户通信的serversocket
serversocket.close();
long endtime=system.currenttimemillis();
socketforshutdown.getoutputstream().write(("服务器关闭,"+"关闭服务器用了"+(endtime-begintime)+"ms\r\n").getbytes());
socketforshutdown.close();
serversocketshutdown.close();
system.out.println("服务器关闭");
}
else {
socketforshutdown.getoutputstream().write("错误的命令\r\n".getbytes());
socketforshutdown.close();
}
} catch (exception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
};
public echoserver() throws ioexception {
serversocket=new serversocket(port);
//设定等待客户连接的超时时间为60s
serversocket.setsotimeout(60000);
serversocketshutdown=new serversocket(portforshutdown);
//创建线程池
executorservice= executors.newfixedthreadpool(runtime.getruntime().availableprocessors() * pool_size);
shutdownthread.start();
system.out.println("服务器启动");
}
public void service(){
while(!isshutdown){
socket socket=null;
try {
//可能会抛出sockettimeoutexception和socketexception
socket=serversocket.accept();
//把等待客户发送数据的超时时间设为60s
socket.setsotimeout(60000);
//可能会抛出rejectedexecutionexception
executorservice.execute(new handler(socket));
}catch (sockettimeoutexception e){
//不必处理等待客户连接时出现的异常
}catch (rejectedexecutionexception e) {
try {
if (socket != null)
socket.close();
} catch (ioexception ex) {
return;
}
}catch (socketexception e){
if (e.getmessage().indexof("socket closed")!=-1)
return;
}catch (ioexception e){
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
public static void main(string[] args) throws ioexception { //main方法抛出异常,异常直接交给虚拟机,虚拟机直接结束异常
new echoserver().service();
}
}
//负责与单个客户通信的任务
class handler implements runnable{
private socket socket;
public handler(socket socket){
this.socket=socket;
}
private printwriter getwriter(socket socket) throws ioexception{
outputstream socketout=socket.getoutputstream();
return new printwriter(socketout,true);
}
private bufferedreader getreader(socket socket) throws ioexception{
inputstream socketin=socket.getinputstream();
return new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(socketin));
}
public string echo(string msg){
return "echo: "+msg;
}
@override
public void run() {
try{
system.out.println("new connection accepted "+socket.getinetaddress()+":"+socket.getport());
bufferedreader br=getreader(socket);
printwriter pw=getwriter(socket);
string msg=null;
//接收和发送数据,直到通信结束
while((msg=br.readline())!=null){
system.out.println("from "+socket.getinetaddress()+":"+socket.getport()+">"+msg);
pw.println(echo(msg));
if (msg.equals("bye"))
break;
}
} catch (ioexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}finally{
try{
if (socket!=null)
socket.close();
}catch (ioexception e){
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
}
adminclient类(负责向echoserver发送[shutdown]命令,关闭服务器)
package shutdownserver;
import java.io.bufferedreader;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.io.inputstreamreader;
import java.io.outputstream;
import java.net.socket;
public class adminclient {
public static void main(string[] args){
socket socket=null;
try{
socket=new socket("localhost",8001);
//发送关闭命令
outputstream socketout=socket.getoutputstream();
//scanner scanner=new scanner(system.in);
//string order=scanner.next();
socketout.write("shutdown\r\n".getbytes());
//接收服务器反馈
bufferedreader br=new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(socket.getinputstream()));
string msg=null;
while ((msg=br.readline())!=null){
system.out.println(msg);
}
} catch (exception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}finally {
try{
if (socket!=null)
socket.close();
} catch (ioexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
}
client类(客户,与服务器进行通讯)
package shutdownserver;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.socket;
public class client {
private string host="localhost";
private int port=8000;
private socket socket;
public client() throws ioexception {
socket=new socket(host,port);
}
private printwriter getwriter(socket socket) throws ioexception{
outputstream socketout=socket.getoutputstream();
return new printwriter(socketout,true);
}
private bufferedreader getreader(socket socket) throws ioexception{
inputstream socketin=socket.getinputstream();
return new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(socketin));
}
public void talk() throws ioexception{
try{
bufferedreader br=getreader(socket);
printwriter pw=getwriter(socket);
bufferedreader localreader=new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(system.in));
string msg=null;
while((msg=localreader.readline()) != null){
pw.println(msg);
system.out.println(br.readline());
if (msg.equals("bye")){
break;
}
}
}catch (ioexception e){
e.printstacktrace();
}
finally {
try{
socket.close();
}catch (ioexception e){
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
public static void main(string args[]) throws ioexception {
new client().talk();
}
}
shutdownthread线程负责关闭服务器,它一直监听8001端口,如果接收到了adminclient发送的[shutdown]命令,就把isshutdown设置为true。
在关闭服务器时,我们使用了最常用的方法,先调用线程池的shutdown()方法,接着调用线程池的awaittermination()方法。
executorservice.shutdown();
//等待关闭线程池,每次等待的超时时间为30s
//当使用awaittermination时,主线程会处于一种等待的状态,等待线程池中所有的线程都运行完毕后才继续运行。
//如果等待的时间超过指定的时间,但是线程池中的线程运行完毕,那么awaittermination()返回true。执行分线程已结束
//如果等待的时间超过指定的时间,但是线程池中的线程未运行完毕,那么awaittermination()返回false。不执行分线程已结束
//如果等待时间没有超过指定时间,等待!
//可以用awaittermination()方法来判断线程池中是否有继续运行的线程。
while(!executorservice.isterminated())
executorservice.awaittermination(30, timeunit.seconds);
在线程池执行了shutdown()方法后,线程池不会在接收新的任务,同时该线程因为调用awaittermination()方法而发生阻塞,直到线程池中所有线程的任务执行完毕,该线程才会继续向下
运行结果
先运行echoserver,client,adminclient后,再开启一客户程序client1,显示client1无法被加入线程池
echoserver(只显示连接了client,未连接client1)client
client2(向服务器发送消息,收到null)
adminclient(在client没有运行结束时,被阻塞)
当client输入[bye]结束运行后,adminclient关闭服务器
client类echoserver类
adminclient类
参考java网络编程核心技术详解
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45821324/article/details/117878699
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