详解Springboot下载Excel的三种方式

汇总一下浏览器 下载 和代码本地下载实现的3种方式。

（其实一般都是在代码生成excel，然后上传到oss，然后传链接给前台，但是我好像没有实现过直接点击就能在浏览器下载的功能，所以这次一起汇总一下3种实现方式。）

1.Easy Excel --浏览器下载

1.Maven环境

?网络上有很多maven的easyexcel版本，还是推荐alibaba的easyexcel，操作简单，代码不冗余

<!-- https://mvnrepository测试数据/artifact/com.alibaba/easyexcel --> <dependency> <groupId> com.alibaba </groupId> <artifactId> easyexcel </artifactId> <version> 2.2.10 </version> </dependency>

2.完整代码实现

控制层：设置response格式然后直接下载即可

package com . empirefree . springboot . controller ;   import com . alibaba . excel . EasyExcel ; import com . empirefree . springboot . pojo . User ; import org . springframework . web . bind . annotation . GetMapping ; import org . springframework . web . bind . annotation . RestController ;   import javax . servlet . ServletOutputStream ; import javax . servlet . http . HttpServletResponse ; import java . io . FileNotFoundException ; import java . io . FileOutputStream ; import java . io . IOException ; import java . io . OutputStream ; import java . util . ArrayList ; import java . util . List ;   /** * @program: springboot * @description: * @author: huyuqiao * @create: 2021/07/04 15:01 */   @RestController public class UserController {   /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: 浏览器下载--excel */ @GetMapping ( "/testRespExcel" ) public void testRespExcel ( HttpServletResponse response ){ response . addHeader ( "Content-Disposition" , "attachment;filename=" + "huyuqiao.xlsx" ); response . setContentType ( "application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=gb2312" ); try { // 从HttpServletResponse中获取OutputStream输出流 ServletOutputStream outputStream = response . getOutputStream (); /* * EasyExcel 有多个不同的read方法，适用于多种需求 * 这里调用EasyExcel中通过OutputStream流方式输出Excel的write方法 * 它会返回一个ExcelWriterBuilder类型的返回值 * ExcelWriterBuilde中有一个doWrite方法，会输出数据到设置的Sheet中 */ EasyExcel . write ( outputStream , User . class ). sheet ( "测试数据" ). doWrite ( getAllUser ()); } catch ( IOException e ) { e . printStackTrace (); } }   public List < User > getAllUser (){ List < User > userList = new ArrayList <>(); for ( int i = 0 ; i < 100 ; i ++){ User user = User . builder (). name ( "胡宇乔" + i ). password ( "huyuqiao" ). age ( i ). build (); userList . add ( user ); } return userList ; } }

实体类：给User设置对应的excel属性即可,value代表excel中名字，index代表第几列

package com . empirefree . springboot . pojo ;   import com . alibaba . excel . annotation . ExcelProperty ; import com . alibaba . excel . metadata . BaseRowModel ; import lombok . Builder ; import lombok . Data ;   /** * @program: springboot * @description: user * @author: huyuqiao * @create: 2021/07/04 14:53 */ @Data @Builder public class User extends BaseRowModel {   @ExcelProperty ( value = "姓名" , index = 0 ) private String name ;   @ExcelProperty ( value = "密码" , index = 1 ) private String password ;   @ExcelProperty ( value = "年龄" , index = 2 ) private Integer age ; }

3.实现效果

2.EasyExcel--本地下载

1.完整代码实现

?maven和上面一样，只是文件输出流设置一下即可

package com . empirefree . springboot . controller ;   import com . alibaba . excel . EasyExcel ; import com . empirefree . springboot . pojo . User ; import org . springframework . web . bind . annotation . GetMapping ; import org . springframework . web . bind . annotation . RestController ;   import javax . servlet . ServletOutputStream ; import javax . servlet . http . HttpServletResponse ; import java . io . FileNotFoundException ; import java . io . FileOutputStream ; import java . io . IOException ; import java . io . OutputStream ; import java . util . ArrayList ; import java . util . List ;   /** * @program: springboot * @description: * @author: huyuqiao * @create: 2021/07/04 15:01 */   @RestController public class UserController { /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description:本地生成--excel */ @GetMapping ( "/testLocalExcel" ) public void testLocalExcel (){ // 文件输出位置 OutputStream out = null ; try { out = new FileOutputStream ( "C:\\Users\\EDY\\Desktop\\empirefree.xlsx" ); EasyExcel . write ( out , User . class ). sheet ( "测试数据" ). doWrite ( getAllUser ()); } catch ( FileNotFoundException e ) { e . printStackTrace (); } finally { try { // 关闭流 out . close (); } catch ( IOException e ) { e . printStackTrace (); } }   } public List < User > getAllUser (){ List < User > userList = new ArrayList <>(); for ( int i = 0 ; i < 100 ; i ++){ User user = User . builder (). name ( "张三" + i ). password ( "1234" ). age ( i ). build (); userList . add ( user ); } return userList ; } }

2.实现效果

3.Poi--浏览器实现下载

1.Maven环境

<!-- excel导出工具 --> <dependency> <groupId> org.apache.poi </groupId> <artifactId> poi </artifactId> <version> RELEASE </version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId> org.apache.poi </groupId> <artifactId> poi-ooxml </artifactId> <version> RELEASE </version> </dependency>

2.代码实现

控制层

/** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excle-export */ @GetMapping ( "/export" ) public String exportExcel ( HttpServletResponse response ) { System . out . println ( "成功到达到处excel...." ); String fileName = "test.xls" ; if ( fileName == null || "" . equals ( fileName )) { return "文件名不能为空！" ; } else { if ( fileName . endsWith ( "xls" )) { Boolean isOk = excelService . exportExcel ( response , fileName , 1 , 10 ); if ( isOk ) { return "导出成功！" ; } else { return "导出失败！" ; } } return "文件格式有误！" ; } }

serviceimpl层

/** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excel-impl */ @Override public Boolean exportExcel ( HttpServletResponse response , String fileName , Integer pageNum , Integer pageSize ) { log . info ( "导出数据开始。。。。。。" ); //查询数据并赋值给ExcelData List < User > userList = userMapper . find (); System . out . println ( userList . size () + "size" ); List < String []> list = new ArrayList < String []>(); for ( User user : userList ) { String [] arrs = new String [ 4 ]; arrs [ 0 ] = String . valueOf ( user . getId ()); arrs [ 1 ] = user . getUsername (); arrs [ 2 ] = user . getPassword (); arrs [ 3 ] = String . valueOf ( user . getEnable ()); list . add ( arrs ); } //表头赋值 String [] head = { "序列" , "用户名" , "密码" , "状态" }; ExcelData data = new ExcelData (); data . setHead ( head ); data . setData ( list ); data . setFileName ( fileName ); //实现导出 try { ExcelUtil . exportExcel ( response , data ); log . info ( "导出数据结束。。。。。。" ); return true ; } catch ( Exception e ) { log . info ( "导出数据失败。。。。。。" ); return false ; } }

工具类

package com . example . demo . utils ;   import com . example . demo . entity . ExcelData ; import com . example . demo . entity . User ; import lombok . extern . slf4j . Slf4j ; import org . apache . poi . hssf . usermodel .*; import org . apache . poi . ss . usermodel .*;   import javax . servlet . http . HttpServletResponse ; import java . io . BufferedOutputStream ; import java . io . FileInputStream ; import java . io . InputStream ; import java . io . OutputStream ; import java . util . ArrayList ; import java . util . List ;   import static org . apache . poi . ss . usermodel . CellType .*;   /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excelUtil */ @Slf4j public class ExcelUtil {   /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excelUtil-export */ public static void exportExcel ( HttpServletResponse response , ExcelData data ) { log . info ( "导出解析开始，fileName:{}" , data . getFileName ()); try { //实例化HSSFWorkbook HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook (); //创建一个Excel表单，参数为sheet的名字 HSSFSheet sheet = workbook . createSheet ( "sheet" ); //设置表头 setTitle ( workbook , sheet , data . getHead ()); //设置单元格并赋值 setData ( sheet , data . getData ()); //设置浏览器下载 setBrowser ( response , workbook , data . getFileName ()); log . info ( "导出解析成功!" ); } catch ( Exception e ) { log . info ( "导出解析失败!" ); e . printStackTrace (); } }   /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excelUtil-settitle */ private static void setTitle ( HSSFWorkbook workbook , HSSFSheet sheet , String [] str ) { try { HSSFRow row = sheet . createRow ( 0 ); //设置列宽，setColumnWidth的第二个参数要乘以256，这个参数的单位是1/256个字符宽度 for ( int i = 0 ; i <= str . length ; i ++) { sheet . setColumnWidth ( i , 15 * 256 ); } //设置为居中加粗,格式化时间格式 HSSFCellStyle style = workbook . createCellStyle (); HSSFFont font = workbook . createFont (); font . setBold ( true ); style . setFont ( font ); style . setDataFormat ( HSSFDataFormat . getBuiltinFormat ( "m/d/yy h:mm" )); //创建表头名称 HSSFCell cell ; for ( int j = 0 ; j < str . length ; j ++) { cell = row . createCell ( j ); cell . setCellValue ( str [ j ]); cell . setCellStyle ( style ); } } catch ( Exception e ) { log . info ( "导出时设置表头失败！" ); e . printStackTrace (); } }   /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excelUtil-setData */ private static void setData ( HSSFSheet sheet , List < String []> data ) { try { int rowNum = 1 ; for ( int i = 0 ; i < data . size (); i ++) { HSSFRow row = sheet . createRow ( rowNum ); for ( int j = 0 ; j < data . get ( i ). length ; j ++) { row . createCell ( j ). setCellValue ( data . get ( i )[ j ]); } rowNum ++; } log . info ( "表格赋值成功！" ); } catch ( Exception e ){ log . info ( "表格赋值失败！" ); e . printStackTrace (); } }   /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excelUtil-setBrowser */ private static void setBrowser ( HttpServletResponse response , HSSFWorkbook workbook , String fileName ) { try { //清空response response . reset (); //设置response的Header response . addHeader ( "Content-Disposition" , "attachment;filename=" + fileName ); OutputStream os = new BufferedOutputStream ( response . getOutputStream ()); response . setContentType ( "application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=gb2312" ); //将excel写入到输出流中 workbook . write ( os ); os . flush (); os . close (); log . info ( "设置浏览器下载成功！" ); } catch ( Exception e ) { log . info ( "设置浏览器下载失败！" ); e . printStackTrace (); }   }   /** * Author: HuYuQiao * Description: excelUtil--importExcel */ public static List < Object []> importExcel ( String fileName ) { log . info ( "导入解析开始，fileName:{}" , fileName ); try { List < Object []> list = new ArrayList <>(); InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream ( fileName ); Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory . create ( inputStream ); Sheet sheet = workbook . getSheetAt ( 0 ); //获取sheet的行数 int rows = sheet . getPhysicalNumberOfRows (); for ( int i = 0 ; i < rows ; i ++) { //过滤表头行 if ( i == 0 ) { continue ; } //获取当前行的数据 Row row = sheet . getRow ( i ); Object [] objects = new Object [ row . getPhysicalNumberOfCells ()]; int index = 0 ; for ( Cell cell : row ) { if ( cell . getCellType (). equals ( NUMERIC )) { objects [ index ] = ( int ) cell . getNumericCellValue (); } if ( cell . getCellType (). equals ( STRING )) { objects [ index ] = cell . getStringCellValue (); } if ( cell . getCellType (). equals ( BOOLEAN )) { objects [ index ] = cell . getBooleanCellValue (); } if ( cell . getCellType (). equals ( ERROR )) { objects [ index ] = cell . getErrorCellValue (); } index ++; } list . add ( objects ); } log . info ( "导入文件解析成功！" ); return list ; } catch ( Exception e ){ log . info ( "导入文件解析失败！" ); e . printStackTrace (); } return null ; }   //测试导入 public static void main ( String [] args ) { try { String fileName = "E:/test.xlsx" ; List < Object []> list = importExcel ( fileName ); for ( int i = 0 ; i < list . size (); i ++) { User user = new User (); user . setId (( Integer ) list . get ( i )[ 0 ]); user . setUsername (( String ) list . get ( i )[ 1 ]); user . setPassword (( String ) list . get ( i )[ 2 ]); user . setEnable (( Integer ) list . get ( i )[ 3 ]); System . out . println ( user . toString ()); } } catch ( Exception e ) { e . printStackTrace (); } }   }

3.实现效果

4.总结

总体看来：当excel需要在浏览器下载时，使用alibaba的easyexcel最快最方便，并且注意需要设置response格式

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原文链接：https://HdhCmsTestcnblogs测试数据/meditation5201314/p/14969210.html

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