Java单元测试Powermockito和Mockito使用总结

< dependency >

     < groupId >org.mockito</ groupId >

     < artifactId >mockito-core</ artifactId >

     < version >2.8.9</ version >

     < scope >test</ scope >

</ dependency >

< dependency >

     < groupId >org.powermock</ groupId >

     < artifactId >powermock-module-junit4</ artifactId >

     < version >1.7.4</ version >

     < scope >test</ scope >

</ dependency >

< dependency >

     < groupId >org.powermock</ groupId >

     < artifactId >powermock-api-mockito2</ artifactId >

     < version >1.7.4</ version >

     < scope >test</ scope >

</ dependency >

@Component

public class StudentService {

     @Resource

     private StudentDao studentDao;

     public List<StudentBo> queryStudentScoreByKeyword(String name) {

         System.out.println( "invoke StudentService.queryStudentScoreByKeyword ..." );

         List<StudentBo> cacheList = RedisUtils.getArray(name, StudentBo. class );

         if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(cacheList)) {

             return cacheList;

         }

         String keyword = processKeyword(name);

         List<Student> students = studentDao.queryStudentByKeyWord(keyword);

         List<Integer> ids = students.stream().map(Student::getId).collect(Collectors.toList());

         List<Person> personList = SchoolManageProxy.getInstance().queryPerson(ids);

         List<StudentBo> studentBos = CommonUtils.toBo(personList, students);

         // 高亮结果

         highlightResult(studentBos, name);

         // 缓存到Redis

         RedisUtils.setArray(name, studentBos, 10 * 60 );

         return studentBos;

     }

     private String processKeyword(String name) {

         System.out.println( "invoke StudentService.processKeyword ..." );

         String newName = name;

         // do somethings

         return newName;

     }

     private void highlightResult(List<StudentBo> result, String name) {

         System.out.println( "invoke StudentService.highlightResult ..." );

         // do keyword highlight

     }

}

@RunWith (PowerMockRunner. class )

@PrepareForTest ({SchoolManageProxy. class , RedisUtils. class , StudentService. class })

// @PowerMockIgnore({"javax.management.*", "javax.net.ssl.*"})

@SuppressStaticInitializationFor ({ "cn.ganzhiqiang.ares.unittest.SchoolManageProxy" })

public class StudentServiceTest {

     @Mock

     private StudentDao mockStudentDao;

     @InjectMocks

     private StudentService studentServiceUnderTest;

     @Before

     public void setUp() {

         initMocks( this );

     }

     @Test

     public void testQueryStudentScoreByKeyword() throws Exception {

         studentServiceUnderTest = PowerMockito.spy(studentServiceUnderTest);

         PowerMockito.mockStatic(RedisUtils. class );

         PowerMockito.mockStatic(SchoolManageProxy. class );

         // mock单例调用

         SchoolManageProxy mockSchoolManageProxy = PowerMockito.mock(SchoolManageProxy. class );

         PowerMockito.when(SchoolManageProxy.getInstance()).thenReturn(mockSchoolManageProxy);

         when(mockSchoolManageProxy.queryPerson(anyList())).thenReturn(Collections.emptyList());

         // mock掉对Redis的静态调用

         PowerMockito.when(RedisUtils.getArray(eq( "tom" ), eq(StudentBo. class ))).thenReturn(Collections.emptyList());

         // 显示的mock掉静态的void的方法（可以不mock）

         PowerMockito.doNothing().when(RedisUtils. class , "setArray" , anyString(), anyList(), anyInt());

         // mock私有方法processKeyword

         PowerMockito.doReturn( "tom" ).when(studentServiceUnderTest, "processKeyword" , anyString());

         // 跳过私有方法highlightResult的执行

         PowerMockito.suppress(PowerMockito.method(StudentService. class , "highlightResult" ));

         // 使用Mockito来mock服务的调用

         when(mockStudentDao.queryStudentByKeyWord(anyString())).thenReturn(Collections.emptyList());

         // Run the test

         final List<StudentBo> result = studentServiceUnderTest.queryStudentScoreByKeyword( "tom" );

     }

}

// 使用Mockito来mock服务的调用

when(mockStudentDao.queryStudentByKeyWord(anyString())).thenReturn(Collections.emptyList());

PowerMockito.mockStatic(RedisUtils. class );

// mock掉对Redis的静态调用

PowerMockito.when(RedisUtils.getArray(eq( "tom" ), eq(StudentBo. class ))).thenReturn(Collections.emptyList());

// 显式的mock掉静态的void的方法（可以不mock）

PowerMockito.doNothing().when(RedisUtils. class , "setArray" , anyString(), anyList(), anyInt());

PowerMockito.mockStatic(SchoolManageProxy. class );

// Powermock mock出单例类

SchoolManageProxy mockSchoolManageProxy = PowerMockito.mock(SchoolManageProxy. class );

// 给单例类的getInstance方法打桩

PowerMockito.when(SchoolManageProxy.getInstance()).thenReturn(mockSchoolManageProxy);

// 对mock类queryPerson的方法打桩

when(mockSchoolManageProxy.queryPerson(anyList())).thenReturn(Collections.emptyList());

// mock 实例

// spy的标准是：如果不打桩，默认执行真实的方法，如果打桩则返回桩实现。

studentServiceUnderTest = PowerMockito.spy(studentServiceUnderTest);

// mock私有方法processKeyword

// doReturn(...) when(...)不做真实调用，但是when(...) thenReturn(...)还是会真实调用原方法，只是返回了指定的结果

PowerMockito.doReturn( "tom" ).when(studentServiceUnderTest, "processKeyword" , anyString());

// 跳过私有方法highlightResult的执行

PowerMockito.suppress(PowerMockito.method(StudentService. class , "highlightResult" ));