websocket 概念
websocket 是一个通信协议，通过单个 TCP 连接提供全双工通信。websocket 连接成功后，服务端和客户可以进行双向通信。不同于 http 通信协议需要每次由客户端发起，服务响应到客户端。
websocket 相对轮询也能节约带宽，并且能实时的进行通信。
整合 步骤
1. 添加 maven 依赖
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<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId> <version> 2.1 . 3 .RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId> <version> 2.1 . 3 .RELEASE</version> </dependency> |
添加web、websocket和freemarker依赖。
2. 使用 ServerEndpointExporter 创建 bean
这个 bean 会自动注册声明 @ServerEndpoint 注解声明的 websocket endpoint，使用springboot自带tomcat启动需要该配置，使用独立 tomcat 则不需要该配置。
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@Configuration public class WebSocketConfig { //tomcat启动无需该配置 @Bean public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter() { return new ServerEndpointExporter(); } } |
3. 创建服务端端点 (ServerEndpoint)
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@Component @ServerEndpoint (value = "/message" ) @Slf4j public class WebSocket {
private static Map<String, WebSocket> webSocketSet = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
private Session session;
@OnOpen public void onOpen(Session session) throws SocketException { this .session = session; webSocketSet.put( this .session.getId(), this ); log.info( "【websocket】有新的连接,总数:{}" ,webSocketSet.size()); }
@OnClose public void onClose(){ String id = this .session.getId(); if (id != null ){ webSocketSet.remove(id); log.info( "【websocket】连接断开:总数:{}" ,webSocketSet.size()); } }
@OnMessage public void onMessage(String message){ if (!message.equals( "ping" )){ log.info( "【wesocket】收到客户端发送的消息,message={}" ,message); sendMessage(message); } }
/** * 发送消息 * @param message * @return 全部都发送一遍 */ public void sendMessage(String message){ for (WebSocket webSocket : webSocketSet.values()) { webSocket.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message); } log.info( "【wesocket】广播消息,message={}" , message);
}
} |
4. 添加 controller 和 客户端
添加 controller
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@GetMapping ({ "" , "index.html" }) public ModelAndView index() { ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView( "index" ); return view; } |
添加ftl页面
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<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>websocket</title> </head> <body> <div> <input type= "text" name= "message" id= "message" > <button id= "sendBtn" >发送</button> </div> <div style= "width:100px;height: 500px;" id= "content" > </div> <script src= "https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/jquery/3.6.0/jquery.js" ></script> <script type= "text/javascript" > var ws = new WebSocket( "ws://127.0.0.1:8080/message" ); ws.onopen = function (evt) { console.log( "Connection open ..." ); };
ws.onmessage = function (evt) { console.log( "Received Message: " + evt.data); var p = $( "<p>" +evt.data+ "</p>" ) $( "#content" ).prepend(p); $( "#message" ).val( "" ); };
ws.onclose = function (evt) { console.log( "Connection closed." ); };
$( "#sendBtn" ).click( function (){ var aa = $( "#message" ).val(); ws.send(aa); })
</script> </body> </html> |
5. 展示效果
附录
github源码
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原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/jeremylai7/p/15378748.html
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