httpclient封装post请求和get的请求
在我们程序员生涯中，经常要复用代码，所以我们应该养成时常整理代码的好习惯，以下是我之前封装的
httpclient的post和get请求所用的代码
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package com.marco.common; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.net.URI; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.HttpStatus; import org.apache.http.NameValuePair; import org.apache.http.StatusLine; import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient; import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; /** * @author 马弦 * @date 2017年10月23日 下午2:49 * HttpClient工具类 */ public class HttpUtil {
private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HttpUtil. class );
/** * get请求 * @return */ public static String doGet(String url) { try { HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); //发送get请求 HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url); HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
/**请求发送成功，并得到响应**/ if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { /**读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数据**/ String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
return strResult; } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
return null ; }
/** * post请求(用于key-value格式的参数) * @param url * @param params * @return */ public static String doPost(String url, Map params){
BufferedReader in = null ; try { // 定义HttpClient HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); // 实例化HTTP方法 HttpPost request = new HttpPost(); request.setURI( new URI(url));
//设置参数 List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); for (Iterator iter = params.keySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) { String name = (String) iter.next(); String value = String.valueOf(params.get(name)); nvps.add( new BasicNameValuePair(name, value));
//System.out.println(name +"-"+value); } request.setEntity( new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps,HTTP.UTF_8));
HttpResponse response = client.execute(request); int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (code == 200 ){ //请求成功 in = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity() .getContent(), "utf-8" )); StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer( "" ); String line = "" ; String NL = System.getProperty( "line.separator" ); while ((line = in.readLine()) != null ) { sb.append(line + NL); }
in.close();
return sb.toString(); } else { // System.out.println( "状态码：" + code); return null ; } } catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace();
return null ; } }
/** * post请求（用于请求json格式的参数） * @param url * @param params * @return */ public static String doPost(String url, String params) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); // 创建httpPost httpPost.setHeader( "Accept" , "application/json" ); httpPost.setHeader( "Content-Type" , "application/json" ); String charSet = "UTF-8" ; StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(params, charSet); httpPost.setEntity(entity); CloseableHttpResponse response = null ;
try {
response = httpclient.execute(httpPost); StatusLine status = response.getStatusLine(); int state = status.getStatusCode(); if (state == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity(); String jsonString = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity); return jsonString; } else { logger.error( "请求返回:" +state+ "(" +url+ ")" ); } } finally { if (response != null ) { try { response.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } try { httpclient.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return null ; } } |
httpclient是一个非常常用的工具，在项目开发的时候，经常需要请求第三方的接口，我整理好了这段代码，以后回头找的时候就方便啦！
HttpClient发送Get、Post请求的实践
1. 配置及实例化HttpClient
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private static final CloseableHttpClient httpclient; public static final String CHARSET = "UTF-8" ; static { RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout( 5000 ).setSocketTimeout( 3000 ).build(); httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setDefaultRequestConfig(config).build(); } |
2. 发送Get请求方法
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/** * HTTP Get 获取内容 * @param url请求的url地址 ?之前的地址 * @param params请求的参数 * @param charset编码格式 * @return 页面内容 */ public static String sendGet(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws ParseException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException{ if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()){ List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size()); for (String key :params.keySet()){ pairs.add( new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key).toString())); } url += "?" +EntityUtils.toString( new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs), CHARSET); }
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpGet); int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (statusCode != 200 ){ httpGet.abort(); throw new RuntimeException( "HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode); } HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String result = null ; if (entity != null ) { result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8" ); EntityUtils.consume(entity); response.close(); return result; } else { return null ; } } |
3. 发送Post请求方法
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/** * HTTP Post 获取内容 * @param url请求的url地址 ?之前的地址 * @param params请求的参数 * @param charset编码格式 * @return 页面内容 * @throws IOException * @throws ClientProtocolException */
public static String sendPost(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { List<NameValuePair> pairs = null ; if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) { pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size()); for (String key : params.keySet()) { pairs.add( new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key).toString())); } } HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); if (pairs != null && pairs.size() > 0 ) { httpPost.setEntity( new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, CHARSET)); } CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost); int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (statusCode != 200 ) { httpPost.abort(); throw new RuntimeException( "HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode); } HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String result = null ; if (entity != null ) { result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8" ); EntityUtils.consume(entity); response.close(); return result; } else { return null ; } } |
4. 编写测试用例，进行Get 、Post请求方法的测试
4.1 测试Get方法，e .g：
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@Test public void testGet() throws ParseException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException { String testUrl01 = "具体的测试接口地址" ; Map<String, Object> params01 = new HashMap<>(); params01.put( "参数01" , "对应的参数取值" ); params01.put( "参数02" , "对应的参数取值" ); System.out.println(sendGet(testUrl01, params01)); } |
4.2 测试Post方法，e.g：
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@Test public void testPost() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { String testUrl02 = "具体的测试接口地址" ; Map<String, Object> params02 = new HashMap<>(); params02.put( "参数01" , "对应的参数取值" ); params02.put( "参数02" , "对应的参数取值" ); System.out.println(sendPost(testUrl02, params02)); } |
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq9808/article/details/78320816
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